When people think of autism, they often harbor misconceptions or rely on uninformed stereotypes perpetuated by mainstream media and depictions. The reality is that these people likely know someone with autism and don’t even realize it. Today, we want to talk about the Iceberg Theory, and how this concept can help individuals realize the complexity of autism.
What is the Iceberg Theory?
The Iceberg Theory for autism is a concept that helps people visualize autism as an iceberg. When you picture an iceberg, what you see is a small portion that is visible above the surface, while the majority remains hidden beneath.
This metaphor highlights the discrepancy between observable behaviors and the underlying experiences, challenges, and strengths that are not immediately apparent for individuals living with autism.
For example, on the surface behaviours and traits such as communication challenges, or difficulties socializing might be apparent, while emotional responses and sensory issues are hidden and less obvious.
Why is it important?
When we understand that there is more beneath the surface for those with autism, it can be extremely beneficial.
- Encourages Understanding
Having a better understanding about the complexities of autism makes it easier to see beyond the initial, and obvious behaviours or traits of an individual. Being able to comprehend all that someone is dealing with, allows for better accommodations to be made, people to be seen and feel valued, and creates a safe space to express their needs and ask for help. It also helps shift the focus from judging behaviors to acceptance, patience and empathy.
- Allows for better support
Awareness of the iceberg’s hidden parts can lead to more effective support and interventions. For example, addressing sensory sensitivities or providing coping strategies for internal challenges can greatly improve an individual’s quality of life.
- Promotes Advocacy and Awareness
In understanding more about autism, those in leadership positions are better educated and equipped to provide support and accommodations. As a result, more informed and inclusive practices and procedures can be considered and put in place.
Masking can make it challenging to receive an accurate diagnosis or receive necessary support. In some instances, people are so successful with masking that their autism isn’t identified until they are older. This delay can result in mental health challenges because they don’t receive the support or resources they need.
When people are constantly encouraged or feel it’s necessary to mask, they may feel like they will never be accepted as they are, it’s their responsibility to always mask, ignore their own feelings, or they are less valuable than others. The Iceberg Theory helps emphasize the importance of looking beyond obvious behaviors to understand and support individuals with autism in a more educated and compassionate manner.
Autism in the Workplace
In the workplace, consider the following questions in relation to your business or organization:
- What is your hiring process?
When hiring, be inclusive with your language and encourage neurodivergent people to apply for the position. While the interview process may look different, that doesn’t mean they won’t be a good fit for the job.
- Do you provide accommodations?
Neurodivergent employees may require certain accommodations that help them thrive in the workplace. Whether it’s the need to take more frequent breaks, or a quiet and dimly lit space, providing appropriate support will benefit both you and your employee.
- Do you use inclusive language?
Ensure your company reflects an inclusive workplace, where people feel safe and included, no matter their situation. Language is a powerful tool, and the words we use can be incredibly impactful.
- Is communication prioritized?
Neurodivergent individuals succeed when they are heard and provided what they need. Therefore, effective communication between you, as well as with other employees, will help to ensure everyone understands what is expected, allow for productive conversations, and help with overall productivity.
People, whether neurodivergent or not, want to be seen, heard, and valued for the individual they are. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that your business, and those who work for you, are supported and given the opportunity to thrive.
